Technical skills:\r\n1. Operational techniques:\r\nA) Design and operation of laboratory scale packed bed bioreactor.\r\nB) Optimization of bioreactor operation.\r\nC) Sampling and characterization of industrial wastewater.\r\nD) Treatment of sulfate and metal-rich wastewater. \r\nE) Extraction of fractions having nutritional value from organic wastes.\r\nF) Nutritional study of bacterial growth substrates.\r\nG) Techniques for maintenance and routine cultivation of anaerobic bacteria.\n\n2. Analytical techniques:\r\nA) Measurement of dissolved oxygen, chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD).\r\nB) Measurement of sulfate in water.\r\nC) Measurement of dissolved metals such as Fe, Zn, Ni, Cu, Mn, Mn, Co and Pb present in water.\r\nD) Measurement of Na, K, Ca, S and P present in aqueous sample.\r\nE) Measurement of ethanol, glucose, fructose, protein and organic acids such as lactate, propionate, butyrate, acetate, succinate.\r\nF) Measurement of different amino acids.\n\n3. Molecular biology techniques: \r\nA) Fluorescent in-situ Hybridization (FISH) to quantify microbial community population.\r\nB) Microbial community analysis using Denaturing Gradient Gel electrophoresis (DGGE).\n\n4. Microbial techniques:\r\nA) Identification of bacteria based on morphological (staining), cultural, physiological and biochemical (catalase, IMViC, acid and gas production) properties. \r\nB) Isolation of pure culture of microorganisms from natural sources.\r\nC) Enumeration of microorganisms.\r\nD) Bacterial growth curve, effect of physical and chemical factors (inhibitors and activators) on microbial growth.\n\n5. Instrument handling:\r\nA) Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS) and ICP-MS. \r\nB) Total Organic Carbon analyzer \r\nC) Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen analyzer.\r\nD) Ion-selective electrodes for fluoride, chloride, nitrate.\r\nE) Autotitrator.\r\nF) UV-visible spectrophotometer for colorimetric analysis.\r\nG) Phase contrast and Epifluorescence microscope.\r\nH) HPLG and GC-MS.\r\nI) Multi-parameter water analyzer.\r\nJ) PCR and Gel filtration unit.\r\n \n\n
