Use of rock magnetic properties to identify volcanic ash and as indicators of atmospheric fractionation, rock magnetic properties as an indicator of environmental change with special interest in Lake Superior effect of alteration on the magnetization of basalts magnetostratigraphy of the Pliocene sediments in Anza-Borrego State Park, California paleomagnetism and polar wander for North America at about 1.1 Ga concentrating on Keweenawan rocks